Resources and Reflections

Early California Laws and Policies related to California Indians, By Kimberly Johnston-Dodds (CRB-02-014 , September 2002) Did the State of California enact laws that prohibited California Indians from practicing their religion, speaking their languages or practicing traditional ceremonies and customs? This report contains information obtained from public records related to four examples of early State of California laws and policies that significantly impacted the California Indians’ way of life. These early examples include: the 1850 Act for the Government and Protection of Indians; State of California militia laws and policies related to “Expeditions against the Indians” during 1851 to 1859; the California Legislature’s involvement in influencing the U.S. Senate’s ratification process of the 18 treaties negotiated with California Indians during 1851 to 1852; and laws enacted during the first fifteen years of statehood that accommodated Indian tribes’ traditional fishing practices. California laws exist today that continue to protect fish and exempt California Indians from related prohibitions.

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